11. The Frogspawn Coral (Euphyllia divisa)
Named for its amazing similarity to frog eggs, the Frogspawn Coral is a fascinating species exhibiting natural artistic ability. Large, branching colonies of this peculiar coral create many tiny, bubble-like polyps gathered at the end of each branch. The fast polyp extension and retraction capacity of the Frogspawn Coral distinguishes it especially. The polyps softly swing in the current when fully extended, giving a soft, fluffy look; but, when disturbed, they can rapidly retreat into the hard skeleton of the coral for cover. Among coral species, this quick reaction mechanism is among the fastest ones known. The Frogspawn Coral uses its strong stinging cells, or nematocysts, for protection and prey capture as well. For humans who come into touch with the coral, these stinging cells are so strong they can irritate skin. Though defensive, the Frogspawn Coral is a popular species in the trade of marine aquariums because of its quite hardy character and beautiful look. This species is rather essential in wild reef environments since it offers little fish and invertebrates cover. Still, the Frogspawn Coral suffers hazards from habitat destruction, ocean acidification, and climate change—just as many coral species do. To better grasp coral defence mechanisms and their uses in disciplines such pharmacology and materials science, scientists are examining the special properties of this coral including its fast polyp movement and strong nematocysts. Research on coral adaptation and conservation techniques finds the Frogspawn Coral to be an intriguing topic as well because of its fortitude against environmental stresses.