9 Essen, 582 thousand people

In 845, Essen became a women’s monastery. Saint Ludger established a men’s monastery at Verden that year, and it went on to become the hub of German writing. Essen was selected to be the 2010 European Capital of Culture.

In 845, Essen became a women’s monastery. Saint Ludger established a men’s monastery at Verden that year, and it went on to become the hub of German writing. Essen was selected to be the 2010 European Capital of Culture.