14. Water Conservation Mechanisms
Key for life in their arboreal environment, sloths have evolved complex physiological adaptations for water conservation. Their kidneys have developed specialised filtration systems that enable them to capture most moisture from their green diet and generate very concentrated urine. Their fur structure helps them hold moisture during rain events; their skin has developed special qualities that reduce water loss through evaporation. They have developed behavioural adaptations include specialised drinking behaviours and lessened perspiration to help to minimise water lost. Unlike other mammals of comparable weight, their biological metabolism has evolved to operate well with reduced water needs.