14. An ice-covered planet that is ablaze
Found Year: 2004
Geoffrey Marcy and R. Paul Butler found it.
Where: Giles 436 b
Astronomers R. Paul Butler and Geoffrey Marcy uncovered a planet in 2004 that was unlike any other world they have observed in a number of ways. Up until Kepler was discovered three years later, Giles 436 b was the smallest known transiting planet. It’s also burning and frozen at the same time.

Ice-based planet that’s on fire ©Aldaron via Wikimedia Commons, a.k.a.
It is thought that the tremendous gravitational pull of the planet core would compress even water vapour, if any existed at all. Giles 436 b has constant surface freezing and surface inferno, with temperatures exceeding 800°F, because to the similar gravitational pull.
